Jones Fractures

A fifth metatarsal fracture, commonly caused by injury or overuse, results in pain and swelling on the outside of the foot, with treatment options ranging from rest to surgery depending on the severity of the break.

What Is a Fifth Metatarsal Fracture?

Fifth metatarsal fractures (breaks) are common foot foot injuries. The fifth metatarsal is the long bone on the outside of the foot that connects to the little toe.

Two types of fractures that often occur in the fifth metatarsal are:

• Avulsion fracture. In an avulsion fracture, a small piece of bone is pulled off the main portion of the bone by a tendon or ligament. This type of fracture is the result of an injury in which the ankle rolls. Avulsion fractures are often overlooked when they occur with an ankle sprain.
   
• Jones fracture. Jones fractures occur in a small area of the fifth metatarsal that receives less blood and is therefore more prone to difficulties in healing. A Jones fracture can be either a stress fracture (a tiny hairline break that occurs over time) or an acute (sudden) break. Jones fractures are caused by overuse, repetitive stress or trauma. They are less common and more difficult to treat than avulsion fractures. Other types of fractures can occur in the fifth metatarsal. Examples include midshaft fractures, which usually result from trauma or twisting, and fractures of the metatarsal head and neck.